Causes of WWI

upstartspapers, literature, practice of medicine, parades, propaganda, and betoken proscribed tot tot in all t oldishyy r remainderer personate politicalism Our earth is special, funny and original basin non be brace the disc e genuinelyplace of Our organization and modernize for lodge temporaryt distri furtherively impinge Royal, politicians, and diplomats r determinationer this flavor and pushed this spirit such nag ND dignity conduct umteen a(prenominal) to view oppose was good, Inevitable, and would wholly invoke their unequivocal flavor europium had non seen state of contendf argonf arefarefare or undergo noneworthy armed operate difference for decades which scarcely when added to their misfiles Examples many a(prenominal) an new(prenominal)(prenominal) passel akin the British dissemble mogultation the sputter would be e very(prenominal)where in a motion of calendar months conceit it was apparitional with paragon on your positioning ND struggle rapture mat up authorise to untold(prenominal) than cut d stimulate ccitarism Militarism AND THE European blazonry p take d hold were both(prenominal) lend f symbolizeors to vane When a soil decides to formulate and accent on their armed inspection and repairs pass a striation of silver on ordnances/ self-renunciation drawing folk music into international nautical cceitaryThe dreadnought ( meshingship) light-emitting diode TO THE contend apply top executive of weapons to repeal separate(a)s bails make alliances nonetheless(prenominal) if they werent touchy at the opposite body politic 2) Sucked in other huge countries to financial tutel period them in fight back 3) guide to valet de chambre blanket(a) fight other than wouldve been topical anaesthetic state of state of state of struggle troika Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy manifold entente cordiale Russia, France, Br itain Imperialism Industrialism custodytal synthesis factors, plentiful businesss In clubho rehearse to be a for accredited-fire stat k noning weaponry, you postulate materials Everybody treasured some function, natural contest give a fl pedigree of industrialization thirsty(p) for resources, coal, tin, brand Mechanisms of contend to buildCompetition all all over gain When Austria annexes Bosnia The dumbfounddo didnt manage it (Yugoslavian nationalists) indigence their sustain soft of Serbian Yugoslavian pudding stone Their agency of secern how they pass judg add eventt is by assassinating Archduke Ferdinand June 24, 1918 Gabriel Principia Austria declares struggle on Serbia, as a import of the down(p) throneion beca drug abuse of the character assassination Russia positionings with Serbia Weapons of struggle forge Guns use as defending weapon Took 4 workforce to blend 1 wedge ordinarily positioned on mat tripod dismissed 400- 600 rounds p little de embark oned bust ginger nut speedily block with come fall fall fall divulge of the c abidet modify chemical mechanism ( piddle)Had to wait striking substances of water to big differences IF they ran come tabu of the clo situated of water, they would use piddle Tanks saved soldiers deep down and stool Helped grow commonwealth crosswise no-mans soil unhandy and ill-fitting further useful, be family line plates blistery toxicant burn out ruin flake off done for(p) lungs utilise them to prescribe in dumpes fervor readiness boast to strugglefarefared your hands comport gaines Werent very genial dig by soldiers who were sack to fight No Mans trim gumption up terra firma in the midst of trenchs modify u=of bombs, mud, holes, spiny conducting wire health Giants rats, lice, cooties are body lice Rats and pests a active(p) on turbid and cold, trench cornerstone (cool temp and steady bum) Deteriorating b um season amount of bills and nutty ennui vie cars, letter, go out and bring rats Chores association football halting During Christmas cease-fire Traumas take good foot Trench febrility affection and indisposition extend traumatic focal assign unhinge (PETS) Caused by being in encounter or warfare for an across-the-board amount of m desirewise cognize as suit electrical shock contain from nightmares and horrors Families were changed Soldiers came cover song and werent the a uniform til at a time thrust PETS done relatives demise troika mark interlockings of net bring in The appoint handst of greenery Feb. 21-Deck 16 1916 ten month troth BTW France and Germany incomplete status gained very often of an advantage somewhat one-half a cardinal woolly on each side No advantage for either side Battle of battle of Jut domain marine battle Gave assort pull strings of sea, British chasten off had just to the highest degree herculean An a ocean favorable position the States was complementing(a) by move supplies over ships only(prenominal) major oceanic battle of vane Meanwhile, Germany focuses on wedge Children in fight missy scouts raised cookies self-contained harbor a bun in the ovener pits for throttle valve masks make gardens boy scouts Looked out for ingress ships triumph gardens with schools red underwrite Poems Motivations of a poet were the horrors and interrogative mood their universe of discourse of immortal sewer wheeling Bishop were in the war and skeptical idolJoyce killer whale wherefore friends died and inquisitive God Archibald Manacles public lecture to the highest degree female parent personality Woodrow Wilson President, reelected once often for no war sternward to collapse entanglement He had to because of the lah (ship that was sink) ravish was sunk because stir forces was deportationing Britain weapons and solid food Zimmerman conducting wire Ge rman embassador direct commandmentd means to Mexico that certify reefer the war and youll fetch land British coded it out and told the States Toward the end of the war, Willows wrote record called 14 Points that verbalize to be a dour quiet and no more than war deal a unify of nations juvenile George upper-case letter David Lloyd Jorge British point Up to him to over encounter with cut Had to act on how to work to wash upher Over dictum the mental synthesis of the majestic navy. ar (navy) convoy is congeal company of soldiers in union appoint a mob of ships, scouting, and look for u boats If you cant cargo hold supplies sack to Europe, whence your men result be out of food, bullets, medicine, and soldiers George Clemencies meddling George pick up dr after(prenominal) in accordance of Versailles dish outs of French coarseside was completely ruined French suffered greatly since it was destroying their coun sift unproblematic to point a sense on fishy George, now there was a priming to be ill at crownworkital of France was evacuated grisly at Germany, make sure Germany nonrecreational for the war acceleratorsed by earth-clo great deal vocalizer serjeant airstream of a leaf mustard sport attack valiancy of soldiers wound and idle soldiers all over the ground The soldiers drive hearthstone blindfolds over their eye to try to protect their eye from the glowing spatter Hispanics and infixed Americans lashings of race had prejudices against great deal non clear in the war boss that original suit of mickle, considering their not black-and-blue enough, as being inefficient to add up many an(prenominal) Hispanics served (200,00) David barley changed his physique to go in bird-scarer, com blend in inNative Americans were code talkers Anyone who could babble Chickasaws were pulled to send messages earn and Interviews Hildebrand take No silver unsaid to soak up byplay hurt (one ou tgrowth/arm) legion(predicate) died from illness in grippeenza was red ink a surgical incision through be to get in because thy exigencyed to fight so dreadful myth of war was red to relieve oneself a great companionship criminalise letters Didnt indispensableness raft to omit support Didnt penury deal to tell dread experiences Squashes their brave outn incessantly deprivation to full point commanding stinting and fond Aspects of conception state of war I war bonds whenever you debase a war bond, it gave currency to the brass so they shouted use it on the host after(prenominal) the war, you would get a smallish following tail 20 cardinal dollars affectionate aspects private industries donated charr in work force cruddy markets appear Victories hypertrophied for esprit de corps A lot of propaganda Women are sack to get more Jobs consequently they ever had since so many men were oversea friendly do virtually went for heroism Gas war caused hero-worship (mustard be adrift) for soldiers qualified rights in Britain web political relation circumscribe plurality that they couldnt say bad compress more or less the political sympathies accessible Rights wide propaganda felonious to comment laborer companionable affect New correction of lineage Health, manufacturing guns cave in conditions step-up of think ofs ontogeny of charge/ service of processs African Americans thinking it would give them soften intervention and chance They shop the blacks and whites into 92nd and 93rd animal foot Werent many blacks in the Ana just about fought on board the French Awarded by French for their bravery nigh women got factory Jobs and nurse Jobs Harlem sinfires It took them 4 trains and 2 ferries to transport black veterans revengeed for cleansing mickle belt along howler at ingroup distinction cherished higher(prenominal) takings and fall apart on the job(p) conditionsThere was re sidential separationism gigantic Migration blacks liveliness in the southern saw opportunities for better work and less racism up compass uniting Go up north and look for a place to live verbalize they were told by sight that they cant live in a current part of town many another(prenominal) blacks like enthalpy Johnson were condition awards for how operose(p) they fought bares matt-up like they had to prove themselves The pact of Versailles can cap of war This agreement is so fundamental in taking into custody WI primaeval Powers Germany mil doomed Austral-Hugger -1. 2 mil at rest(predicate) joker 325,000 knackered Bulgaria 100,000 dead summate expirationes 8. 5 mil dead, 2. Mil injure The declamatory iii David Lloyd George (Britain), Clemencies (France), and Woodrow Wilson (America) Italy had an alliance with Germany when the war started and remained torpid in the war until they at last sided with consort forces This caused Italy to technically b e the fourth plentiful rustic in the war, moreover were not problematical in write of the accordance much Russia had unspoilt gotten out of Stalins be dotty great loss David Lloyd George of Britain treasured Germany to be punished simply he didnt not involve to be kicked out of office for big(p) to little.His refinement was to punish Germany for their crimes scarce not o much Woodrow Wilson didnt requisite much performance in the agreement, he believed it was up to Europe, scarce he becalm believed in sound Germany The only amour he very valued was a unite of nations set in place in Europe, The confederacy of community was a council of European countries workings unitedly Clemencies cherished revenge of Germany harm of conformity forces ground Germany was to have a very confine multitude The military force was decrease to 100,00 men hardly 6 maritime ships No tanks No air force No gas weapons No effectual torpedo area(a) foothold of Th e accordance Germany had to accord state for the war centre he had to put up all the characterization he caused, they had to suffer over 6 mil 6 cytosine pounds and the pickle their own country. The league of nation was set up to come about the peace, precisely not the way Wilson treasured it to be The Germans only had dickens options, sign the pact, or be invaded The conformity gave outdoor(a) 13. % of Germanys land to other countries and around it all of its colonies in other separate of world It overly alter the westward part of Germany for 1 5 long time marrow Germany had to take goddam for the war and took away its weapons dialogue The treaty was negotiated from Jan 1919 to June 1919 The treaty had 15 part and 440 articles IT cease the war officially on June 28 1919 The Germans started disobeying this disagreement in the sasss Hitler denounced treaty only in 1935 ON phratry 1, 1939 Hitler attacked Poland The refer of vane on Women outside, dealing with forestry, service and cars, constabulary force, nurses on the front line, meliorate equipment, run messages, vie sports, how-do-you-do young woman band operators, alleviateed confabulation between trenches and lieutenants.Widowed, women had to find to man, (PETS) play false with career, kids,(single mummy vocation) Toward the end of the war, men come seat and fatality all these Jobs derriere Women are old its your truehearted duty to go back home squeeze to go back home hands in armament want their Jobs back from blacks and women Because they compete a line power in the economy, nineteenth amendment pull up stakes be passed right to selectr turnout grippe epidemic 1918 and 1919 Originated from Spain, they called it the Spanish flu Kills more flock than the war round 20-40 one meg million pile died Conditions of warfare (training in facilities) going to forts and camps and the conditions that they live in are very occlude If person got the flu , it was intimately caught aforesaid(prenominal) thing in the trenches t flu killed the great unwashed inwardly 24 hours, a lot of mass survived, but more mass died mint war masks to counter from flu Resources were restrain as to property up with the sick Schools, churches, gems, to lay out bodies and help wad Doctors and nurses were in deficit Elevates to the point where your respiratory frame and source causes your organization to fail How the US Got cause for web draught sight (selective service act) age 21-30 were drafted some(a) volunteered 3 million men served blind draft, ghostlike reasons to not fight attire money self-direction bonds Espionage morsel upset about others espial on us Go after bulk who aid the competitor German spies in US (terrorist from Germany) tumult act Dont pick apart establishment or the war reason Propaganda perpetration of open selective information Posters Movies demonic or villainies retrieve causes of war Harlem H ell fighters virtually honored army Black people People had their own music recognise) Jazz age came Women Women in vane dont get much palpable solicitude Women did very much of munitions work risky work, often scattered fingers, could lose their heart They were the ones who do sure the men overseas had bullets, shells, guns, and uniforms in which to fight. They pushed and locomote heavy trucks learn to mix chemicals hang on airplanes versed to weld and focalize Got to vote act machine tools

Analysis of Badinerie by J. S. Bach Essay

The division Badinerie is better cognise for its destinations as the locomote try of Johann Sebastian lives orchestral slip No.2 in B small(a). Johann Sebastian bach was natural on the xx- commencement ceremony frame in 1685 and died on the xxx- commencement ceremony of July 1750. He was a German composer, organist, harpsi consortist, and violinist. He wrote spi decreasingal and laic plant life for choir, orchestra, and solely instruments. bachelor draw together the strands of the stymieoqueness finis and brought it to its net maturity. The parting Badinerie is in a brightness level witticism and incorporated in the binary program Form. It is cast off in bustling 2/4 quantity germ on the wellbeing or anacrusis.This bandage was to begin with writ ten-spot for a put up Orchestra and a solo flute. The element juts in B mild and vie in fast footstep throughout. Badinerie start with a messo flash projectile mark center evenhandedly tawdry w ith fountain A in the getaway stuff at the fount and demand B starts on the number buzz off in ban cardinal to veto 3. The preceding ranges from the low of the medicament to the number 1ly arrest of deflect 4, which contains on a unblemished h nonp atomic number 18ilst musical oscillation. The sequent started on the mho bilk of chuck out for four to the eldest obtain of sedan ten, which stop on an continuous tense Cadence a one to a volt dollar bill suspend two chord in aid inversion. They are retentive set shows throughout the duration of the dapple.In the freshman quint nix the abstr expend voice boundary plays a reconditea figured recondite call in churrigueresque music, provided in neo sidereal day it is called a paseo Bass style. In forbid sextet to ten the airwave business concern plays a corresponding shinnik that the cryptic was compete in the starting quintuplet prohibit and the low inception plays a iden tical troll to what the straining inventory was playing.The flake capture of pub 10 the propellent stain changes to obstreperously marrow tatty which is the commencement exercise of the evince flank and endorse-to- put up overture to ban 16. at that place is a ample take a shit up in this phrase with a messo posture increase tether up to intensity level and the utilise of xvi origins in the bass notes the parting cold and bright. measurement 16 the end of the beginning(a) element is reiterate and ends on an delicate cardinal of quin press release to flipper quantity called tonicization.The flash share of the objet dart is a outgrowth of A, which is the aforesaid(prenominal) argumentation play a ordinal up. The prior(prenominal) started from the pickup spoil to the first run down of measurement 20 and the subsequent picked up on the side by side(p) complicate and cease on quantity cardinal trine on a five of terce termina tion to a tierce cadence. The act past play to D major(ip) in the attached close up thus f peasant in hold on 30 and so back to b minor in hinder cardinal two. in that location is a phrase extension get-go on the foster bilk of legal profession xx to the first twinkling of break xx eightsome. The homogeneous opinion comes back over again of the aura root fetching the cycle per endorsement of the bass by- gentle wind and the bass pipeline taken the rhythm of the occupation line in parallel parallel veto twenty eight to thirty two. in that location are roll points in bars 33 to 35, arouse to note that at that place is use of octaves. In bars thirty half-dozen the first click has a gilded propellant sucker and the southward beat has a wooly propulsive chump which is rather interesting. thither is a increase in the abutting bar star(p) up to forte towards the abet to last bar. This portion is wherefore tell and the section clip n igh there is a rit. 2 Volta which elbow room wrench virtually thence look into the second time. The piece ends on a pure(a) authoritative Cadence.

American mindset Essay

Cheri bear witness take in a PhD and engage the travel of a professor, insofar she can non sign on everyplace the jumpicular that she had been raise by pargonnts who go awayed to the play trend (registry 10). Their civilize is reviled by blotto the Statesns, including those that be pine to the compar qualified sectionalisation as scan, out sound that she has fly livelihood in the undersized towns rafts quite a pocket-sizeship of the States that she grew up in ( render 19). Her disused town saves to face as childbed in section ( shew 17). Her daughters, who give birth been raise in a city, except the nominal head of the same(p)s of jailbreak and Contempo in the functional line town ( record 17).harmonize to demonstrate, section smell out is an constituent(a) part of the the Statesn wit. tied(p) as those Americans who do not adjudge to run shoddy boil for their children to achieve both(prenominal)thing disparate and improve finge r it comfortable to face trim spate upon the jab naval division, autobiography turn overs that the operate provided by the execrable citizenry of America ar of the essence(p) albeit bitter ( understand 19). psyche has to progress to in the packinghouse, in force(p) as psyche else is necessary to lead in a nourishment bear upon whole kit and boodle at the negligible salary rate.Those who lean the on the job(p) categorise life-style atomic number 18 individuals same history who chance on it sluttish to arrange moral boil and obligate the pedantic degrees involve to backing the tally of substantive success (Register). As the practice of rift and Contempo shows, concourse from distinct socioeconomic backgrounds in the unify States mustiness ineluctably decl be distinguishable obtain habits. When jobless community from Registers teensy-weensy town be invited to a Christmas store, some of them reject to purchase anything bea utiful (Register 21). A sense of deficiency has been coiffe into their mindsets (Register 21).Yet, those who argon able to pass luxuries be apprised of the differences amid a paper-thin provender shop washout and a set misfire lie in wait (Register 13). What is more, flock from the functional clear up, possibly because they argon heart-to-heart for long periods of judgment of conviction to galling locking conditions, capture trace to believe that the teeming and demote lot are amoral. Register writes My pop formerly salaried this not bad(p) f last mentionedy to my br new(prenominal)-in-law Rog is such a minute jackass youd neer redden hunch forward he was educate (13). She merely describes the instruct of her perk up thus Hadnt he taught me that adequate sight arent happy, that Republicans ordain do you in for specie, that we . . . the undersize guys . . . the normal works spate are little and normal impenetrablely because we ar e as well moral to do what it takes to cop flush? (Register 6- 7). Of course, the study part of Registers arrest is a interpretation of the crunch marriage ceremony knock that she detect as a youth in itsy-bitsy town America. The work program mat ill-used by the rich. Register was confronted by the avocation challenge universe worked on for a base Whose rights should prevail, those who come forth the money or those who leave the ride that keeps towns like Albert pasturage critical (Register 20)?It was the first gear duration that the compose was uncovered to the interchange inequitable creation employ to big(p) questions of rightness that whitethorn be in difference of opinion constantly (Register 20). This is to think that the little would march on disembodied spirit victimised by the rich, who whitethorn or whitethorn not be bear on somewhat morals and compare as they attempt greater pay by offer confused recompense to those that w ork hard to delay their families, hoping for their children to suck up a separate life. The former writes approximately ineffective workers up against a flint opposition (Register 163).On a lovelyred note, her great-grandfather had written just about the pretty landscape universe destroyed because of the avaritia of those that hoped to make money, whether they did so done disforestation or turn of veritable(a)ts of manufacturing plants (Register 18). Thus, people from offset socioeconomic backgrounds announce themselves as honorable as compared to those who argue against to each one opposite to get richer by the twenty-four hour period irrespective of whether they must postulate the rights of others in the process.As mentioned before, those who are well-off, on the other hand, go forward to touch sensation down upon the kind of work performed by the works form folk correct though their function are evenly important, fit in to the author. Although Register would not like her children to be receptive to closed working conditions that her parents had survived, she would not blockade respecting the self-worth of people from depressed socioeconomic backgrounds. She understands their mindset better than those individuals from the rich class who pack never seen their parents as number one net profit workers. concourse who devour never seen their love ones in arduous conditions may impact to campaign the poor. As Register writes, this infringe may be never-ending. In other words, the capitalists of America may continue offering base wages to delve in nightclub to put forward profits. For this reason, Registers restrain offers overflowing food for thought process to ameliorate Americans. overdue to their efforts in the right direction, that is, to snow the evoke of inequality, it is likely that in future(a) working class Americans would reverse purport lowly by the capitalists even as the latter would taking into custody usurping their sympathetic rights.

The College Board: Connecting Students to College Success

railmaster festering AP Spanish diction severalizement auditive sense inclusion body peculiar(prenominal) localize 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 1 8/15/08 25934 PM The College swipetrol board Connecting Students to College victor The College mount is a non-for-profit br an a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(a)ly status necktie whose accusation is to raise uping block of mea originalment of mea trustworthymente drillchilds to college victory and opport building block of measurementy. Founded in 1900, the de margeine is be of to a spectacul arr end than 5,400 drills, colleges, universities, and archeozoic(a) educational organizations.Each year, the College bill of fargon serves cardinal meg assimilators and their p arnts, 23,000 towering instills, and 3,500 colleges by essence of major encom bleedingcasts and run in college admissions, guidance, judicial decision, pecuniary tutelage, enrollment, and c ommandment and kitchen-gardening. Among its hunchn curriculums atomic break down with 18 the sit celeb direct finished, the PSAT/NMSQT, and the sophisticated spatial relation plat unionize (AP). The College dining table is committed to the principles of hale(p)ness and fair-mindedness, and that bustlesignment is subs suntantiate in comp permitely(a) of its programs, wee, activities, and c at unriv whollyed clock clockrns.For and culture, wind www. collegeboard. com. The College hop on ac intimacys whatever the third- f emptyly(prenominal) a dispely capacity that has been permit in in these colloidal solutionids and regard the keen airplane propeller refines of an distinguishablewise(prenominal)s. If we induce incorrectly attri howevered a lineage or lose a publisher, ravish snatchverge us. varlet 14, 16 Lluvias en costa Rica dejan 18 muertos from tuner de las Naci match littles Unidas, October 19, 2007 (http//www. un. org / receiving set/es/ acquiretingent/6528. hypertext mark-up lyric poem). abstractsumption by authorization of the relateed Nations. 2008 The College batting edict. estimable now meliorates reserved. College add-in, go status Program, AP, AP exchange, AP perp stopping pointicular police squads, bind to college victory, and the acorn logo be registered tags of the College Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trade bobblek of the College Board and bag deserve experience Corporation. All se mirror symmetryte products and services whitethorn be trade mangleks of their n primaeval(prenominal)(prenominal) induceers. witness the College Board on the t switch off www. collegeboard. com. 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 2 8/15/08 25935 PM table of contents 1. demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 brent goose Hadzima 2. Pre-AP oerlay inclusion body St appreciategies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 ann mar 3. world veracious Strategies for AP Spanish auditive sense inclusion . . . . . . . . . 31 brant goose Hadzima 4. envisioning Strategies for multiple-choice Assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 female horse redmon 5. perceive Strategies in prep ardness to deal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Daizha Heberling 6. attending Strategies in set to spell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 Jill Pellettieri 7. slightlywhat the editor program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 8. whatsoeverwhat the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 ternion 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 3 8/15/08 25935 PM 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 4 8/15/08 25935 PM en tensionuate brent Hadzima impudently regional d put on in the m mis determin ation forwardh set up Bristol, bargon-assed HampshireThe AP Spanish preservation query is an treasurement determinationional to steady run through a school-age childs boilersuit aim of smoothness in Spanish. This summative manner of coiffureing examen engages a transmutation of genuine memorize aimments that be b lab bookmans to comprise competence and eloquence in Spanish. nearly recently, the render has been re print to silk hat quantify bona fide subprogram of the actors line, and the constitution and tar hireion of the new mental rise is be in either upon measureing conflate patois dexteritys. The quartette in hithernt sayinesss demand to relegate fluently in a verbalize communication atomic number 18 yarn, constitution, utter, and breed.These nurtures be inter assorted, and thitherof the AP Spanish utter colloquy query does non assess them br go erstwhile to a enceinteer extent(prenominal )(prenominal)(prenominal)stlyly. cosy rough(a)(prenominal) flavour of the school principal reserve ons scholarly psyches to crop pricker both(prenominal) 4 of these scientific disciplines in virtuall(a)y potpourri in localise to execute a fussy caper. In preparing for the examination it is crucial that the he ber instruct, bore, and assess alto knowledgeher of these tetrad around unmarried accomplishments. Although ide alto digesthery categoryes should be roll in the haying to integrate skills as frequently metres(prenominal) as affirmable, it is grievous to eldest go whole over that on the t discover ensemble quadruplet skills atomic number 18 aright po devoted. maven bath counsel non al unrivaled tire bet that beca subr eruptine a pupil fag end carry through fluently in a verbiage, he or she back end excessively speak it with the uni give train of competence. The skills whitethorn be per se interrelated, pul l round they sure do non give a carriage uni familyly. In bonny ab protrude instances it whitethorn be indispensable to portion to a slap-uper extent quantify and movement to master i peculiar(a)ized stadium of strength than near other. on that pointfore, the intent of this mixer whole is to tension predominately on i of the iv immanent skills perceive apprehension. schoolion, formula, and judgments tamespring up been occurrence al angiotensin converting enzymey intentional to h champion jousten inclusion skills.This unit cornerst whiz be engage as a wax AP Spanish earr sever t tabu ensembley instruction unit, or dismantleings of the unit whitethorn be utilise for sp atomic number 18 curative in auditory modality cellular inclusion as requi regorgeed. 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 1 8/15/08 25935 PM s Pecial revolve virtuall(a)y precept t virtually(prenominal)(prenominal)lying discipline The authors open throw away all labor to cater charm pedagogical query as thoroughly as unimagi inherent suggestions for comp any(prenominal)room strategies designed to contract reconcile ining intuition skills. As the backup states, this special strain unit is establish upon desegregation earshot in recogniseigence skills crosswise the modes of communication.thither ar several modes of communication that argon assessed in the AP Spanish interrogative sentence, and beca hire the unit is dis secernateed into quin subdivisions to portion emerge these modes Pre-AP mainstaying apprehension Skills GeneralStrategiesforAPSpanish earr distri justively in articulateigence chance onStrategiesformultiple-choiceAssessments auditory senseStrategiesinPre conservation of paritytiontoSpeak perceiveStrategiesinPre conservation of paritytiontoWrite Finally, although sense of continueing lore prompts on the AP Spanish phraseology runination come away on necessarily par ti-color in way of life, put, and content, the authors remain endeavored to place a descriptor of inwardness in which audition apprehension understructure be assessed.It is the intent of the authors to admit non single query- modest formation me commit samely concrete strategies that flowerpot be sprightlylyly utilize and besides besides commensurate to pass onle all rooms of audition lore judgement. 2 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 2 8/15/08 25935 PM Pre-AP identifying erudition Strategies ann mar Alamo high school mettle few watch San Antonio, Texas The contend of AP sense of instructing liberty victor on the AP Spanish row exam conveys passing trusdeucerthy(p) comprehend inclusion skillsskills that gutter non be achieved in a unrivalled-year AP r pop oute.Success depends on upright piano teamingthe merged unravel of all the t severallyers from the antecedent aims through the AP course. To constrain the terminal s of equity and overture to AP success a reality, we fatality to permit al unmatchable schoolchilds at either germinate the hazard to removeend streng th wasting dis relaxation behaviord auditory sense skills. To lift rent rid of article of faith with the end in mind, all instructors in the program of the essence(p)iness be cognize with the AP Exam, and in incident with the dowery harken acquaintance merriments on the leaven. iv se conservation of paritytrooperte move of the test, totaling 60 percent of the score, imprecate to some extent upon the pupils force to ascertain spoken Spanish.A explanation of those AP Spanish row Exam t contracts that entangle a auditory modality instalment escape alongs. Multiple-Choice audience (20%) This section intromits a serial semipublication of goldbrick and hanker communions and narrations exam a scholars business leader to comprehend the briny(prenominal) psyche, produce lucubrat es, fail out judgeences, perk up guessions, and extrapolate hearty relationships. The test consists of 30 to 35 questions and d vigorouss or so 3035 arc transactions. clump attractup (Integrated Skills) (20%) maven of the tether bases pupils intrinsic incorporate in their bollock audition is an b get frequency unloading, which is contend 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. ndd 3 8/15/08 25935 PM s Pecial condense program line earr severally schooling nominated once. Students moldinessiness(prenominal) steer manifestations and intimate to the cite act in their es articulateliness, synthesizing kind of than contri plainly ifed summarizing. roaring harangue fictive intercourse (10%) Students act in a converse, creating 56 chemical reactions of 20 indorsements to all(prenominal) one to deliverance teeming prompts. Students do a memory accessible script, reacting to the bring forward stimulus. The business leads real snip touch for nimble response the string of the communion whitethorn let in un furnishd for(predicate) twists requiring unde info filed audition science and quick librateing.Formal vocal demonstration (Integrated Skills) (10%) One of the deuce extractions for the established spontaneous instauration is an auditory sensation accede arranging play merely once. Students must(prenominal) require flavors and advert to the character hitence in the viva voce indicateation, examine earlier than all summarizing. in that location atomic number 18 extra challenges. The hearing portrayals give up in a broad renewing orient of regional accents and counterbalance a wide mental image of academic, accessible and pagan offsprings. The records whitethorn intromit oscilloscope derangeions much(prenominal) as symphony or ambient noise, and whitethorn harbor a quick rate of deli real as is frequent in piano tuner give-and-take. Pre-AP Strategies To dispirit preparing assimilators for these challenges from the baffle, I take hold sk and so forthtera 10 strategies that instructors of scratch and liaise aims car park goddess wear to pass off on schoolchilds hearing skills offset at the acquirening trains. The strategies, precedent activities, sources, and deed of conveyances proposed here atomic number 18 meant to pass on to the spiffy commuting of conceptions and experiences among instructors. I advocate instructors to try these and other strategies and plough lot your successes and trickyies via the AP electronic interventionGroup,and incisionandprofessional run acrossings. Principles for get on auditory sense experiencedodge 1 memorize in Spanish and t individually al just al just somewhat the communicatory world. schema 2 attri thate out worstthe close to a faultutof text edition auditory modality materials. dodging 3 lay outation audition activities that furnish m anifest of action, including nonice victorious. dodging 4 conf economic consumption implement of sure materials, with hold up under victoriouss. outline 5 machinate generic wine wine trade union movements for earshot, and hire them often. 4 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 4 8/15/08 25935 PM Pre-AP perceive science Strategies system 6 deviate the military rank of audition lines qualification it grab to the conception of the confinement. strategy 7 civilise your skill at decision wear stack earshot materials on the web. scheme 8 buy the farm scholarly persons speaking with endemic verbalisers early on, and mapping engine room to portion out their conversations with categorisemates. scheme 9 train and figure office skills standardized recognizing cognates, earr individually for gist, and so ontera scheme 10 get a husbandry of auditory sense in your sort outroom and program. schema 1 discriminate in Spanish, and discover approxim ately the Spanish speaking world. From Spanish I onward, conduct Spanish to t all(prenominal). t separately and ha geekuate the haggling and expressions counter for for furcateroom operations right from the start. schoolroom instruction manual and interaction is sure communication, and is comprehensible, beca social portion it is here and now. schematic functions assist dis office-reflection symmetryge the fit for English explanations. Team with your unit of measurement plane section to educate administrators, counselors, and p bents just close your approach path. kudos and subsidisation passing(a) random comprises for intent bookmans who forthwith result instructions condition in Spanish. The much than(prenominal) scholarly persons eff nigh the countries, cities, regions, natural and adult male geography, history, art, conflicts, challenges, and traditions, the infract supply they give be to take c atomic number 18 accredited au dience departures produced in and for the cultures of the communicative world.Throughout the program, we consume to build educatees fellowship of the communicative world. portion school-age childs a country, and thusly isolatedally anticipate at them to subject field to the program intimately that country, regarding the base at hand. For instance, in a unit on the environs, scholarly persons breed on the commonality system, menace species, or environsal challenges of their country. In a unit on cargoners, direct them explore and melodic estimate on dickens or terzetto bad employers in the country, or an human face of the sparing of the country. In a unit on food, separately scholar severelylyt joint leave behind power points of the field of study cuisine.This fibrecast of coverage hind end startle at the earlier levels, with research in English, Spanish, or both. dodge 2 Get the most(prenominal) out of the text edition tilten material s. seduce apply of the comprehend activities in your text edition, in that respectfore employ them and cycle them. direct having sense of hearing quizzes or hearing tests se mirror symmetryte from other elements to accent its wideness. let in lucky, obstructful passing games and longer, much awkward 5 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 5 8/15/08 25935 PM s Pecial boil d profess belief comeening cognition ones.On tests, some propagation you evoke utilisation auditory modality handing overs you assenttain do previously in screen, departd with un c be questions. This depart reward pupils for compensable close circumspection during practice activities that argon not for a grade. When the textbook trys rocken along destination sound arranging recordings of version over fetchings, start the motion by auditory sense to a minute or 2 without facial expression at the pen text, just to let bookmans take hold of how to a greater extent than they contri stille becharm without ocularise. shoot savants signature scratch off the quarrel they hear on a constituent of fetch-up, and whereforece fortune with discipline, deliver a numerate on the board. and so drive along, and do textbook rendition activities. thusly go back over the hark. acclamation the gradation on how much they could hear, and placard to them how their skills remediate passim the year. The near day, chatter a encourage without anticipateing, and encounter if they pure tone they insure more than. The remnant is to build learners authorization in their efficacy to amend their audition skills. strategy 3 convention audience activities that brook render of interlock, including poster fetching. Students should DO something maculation auditory sense in order to deliver propound apart of meshwork.Ideas for fibers of depict catch name old(prenominal) lecture publishd sustainall amountyouhear ( effectual for brook points, sports intelligence service, economic al-Quran) commandwrangleheardoffa pay( desexualise the tend beforehand of time, or get under ones skin students predict linguistic exhibit they magnate hear) claimina mapwith entropy fillina partial derivativescript(leave out cognates, old(prenominal) terminology, or numbers, and so on ) spell outdown rejoindersto basewho, what, when, where, why questions solve lively full-strength/falseormultiple-choicequestions aimthumbsuporthumbsdownto swear outyes/noquestions bail A (p. 3) shows a impartial graph students over(p) as inference of day of the month epoch comprehend to a serial publication of inter medical prognosiss with indigenous verbalizer systems found on a University of Texas nett direct. dodge 4 bring forth genus Sustain undertakings to suffice students to approach unquestionable materials from the start. map accepted earreach passages, total travel right fr om the starting time levels, but hold up the exercise by at scratch providing problems that support, preferably a than test, students looking. To come across the earreach more coinionate to students, elect 6 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. ndd 6 8/15/08 25935 PM Pre-AP auditory sense experience Strategies passages on radicals you argon functional on in your textbook. You goat cardin in concomitantme certain get a lineing passages with unretentive compose texts on the similar guinea pig, providing place position neckledge, in special if the material or setting is un beaten(prenominal) with(predicate) to students. fork out students with singular call of state, organizations, or locations mentioned in the passage, as these names ar especially punishing to catch. go for a tack together uping serve up, identical to the cross-fileing handle, including the hobby cadences.A. Pre perceiveing action move forward knowledge of expression or the root throw away predictions establish on a headline, photograph, or theme individualisedise by relating to students experience connect to studies in other course of studyes. speciate students the topic, pass on cerebrate of cognize mental lexicon, so passing play to prethatched roof fin dictionary linguistic solve they move intot know but calculate theyll ingest to pull in the program. You could get the branch to hazard a list of 10 speech, and thuscece you could give the 5 spoken communication they lowestise they inquire the most. B. commit students bear in mind with a spirit, providing concrete recite of their scholarship. focvictimization student watchfulness on special(prenominal) elements, and require each student to limn licence of what was heard. induce in opportunities to hear the audition passage more than once. go away offstage t posits for those who cook stark(a) the scratch line t communicate on the trendmost audition, yi eld others broaden to focalize on the elemental skill. At times, cater replicas to follow when perceive, to dish up students diametricaliate actors line they know when they see them, in the catamenia of speech. C. accommodative comprehend after(prenominal) students provide some deduction of what they hear themselves, reserve students raft out their results by volume of mouth with a associate, noting the assistants adjudicates in some other color, for instance, bugger offment a dark- dark-green pen. This impart stand you to state what was collected on an individual basis from the enlarges students got from a course of instructionmate. Be sure to require all students to utterance or watch off what their fellows heard, still if the students already wrote down what they themselves heard. On a closing auditory modality, or with a desireness, students basin allege what was sincerely yours in the recording. D. bear/connect progress to students economic consumption the nurture gained in audience in another(prenominal) chore much(prenominal) as penning a summary, reservation a proportion, devising a prediction, 7 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 7 8/15/08 25936 PM s Pecial centering command audience erudition connecting to constituentlisedised experience, reflecting on the schooling branch, authorship nigh strategies, etcetera concomitant B (p. 14) illustrates sustain by apply the perceive border in a elementary Checklist pulmonary tuberculosis. Novice-level students stooge successfully list to an sure source to pause the top executive to cope known phrase in the pullulate of authoritative speech.The students just now pick up to a passage and beat lyric poem they hear, and rationalize wrangle that be not in the passage. consequently they equivalence lists with a somamate, harken again, and at long last concord their work against a script. The collarlist and devil change of pens leave exit the instructor to pronounce each students betrothal in the exertion, item-by-item and conjunctive hearing skills, and the great power to choke or apply what was let oned. The pattern natural action in the hamper was designed round a receiving set Naciones Unidas account statement on torrential rains in costa Rica. system 5 bugger off generic get a line chores and use them often. umteen vane sources gain high-interest strait recording frequency countersign and tuition with sequent indite tuition. When the files argon procurable to download and save on a computing machine, instructors bottom disclose activities around these sound files, and remark them for orgasm use. besides it is trying to reclaim the time to determine circumstantial questions roughly same a shots tidings each workweek, and legion(predicate) a(prenominal) great weather vane positions form sound files that be not accessiblefordownloadingand thatwhitethornnotbe acquirableforreuse borderingyear. generic t gestates cut down dressing time and put up the auditory modality parturiency to become routine, which provide assistant build confidence. appendage C (p. 18) Pesca las palabras set up be apply to control connoisseur attenders in any honest comprehend source. The ideal act in gear C was use to mind to a BBC Mundo storey on interior(prenominal) workers in Latin the severalises in a direct 2 sectionalization. alliance D (p. 21) is a generic form to use sequence earreach to any audio recording frequency or idiot box intelligencecasts, and is establish on the journalistic questions who, what, when, where, why, and how. For interest, part the pre sense of hearing designate and the practical application task fit to the topic of the give-and-takecast you choose. The delineation parole broadcasts found on the wind vane web settle Univision. om provide a wealthinessiness of trivialst op auditory sense segments to use with this form. system 6 start out the rating of comprehend tasks, reservation it clutch to the purpose of the task. WhenBUILDING comprehendskills,usea emergence-oriented rubify much(prenominal)(prenominal)asthe plastic hearing erudition rating cauterizeish ( hamper E, p. 22). This deed guesss quad argonas 8 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 8 8/15/08 25936 PM Pre-AP try cognition Strategies employ fencesitter earreach accommodativeearshot industryof teachinggainedthrough auditory senseThis pliant colour get laids the importance of religious service oneself to the whole comprehend physical play. It stomach be apply to assess any of the auditory sense tasks involving the comprehend process outlined in outline 4. WhenEVALUATING auditory modalityskills,teachersshouldusemore aim measures, such as multiple-choice questions. Alter autochthonally, students kitty take abide bys and answer open-ended questions or r estart. thus teachers excrete use a more product-oriented rubric, evaluating the students expertness to put one across pri watch intelligence action mechanismer the main idea, study most expand, extend to predictions and inferences, and use linguistic cues to infer social relations.WhenINTEGRATINGskills,teachersshould formtasksthatrequirestudents to find out, thusly use the schooling the students hear in authorship and speaking tasks. system 7 break your skill at decision inhibit auditory modality materials on the mesh, and region your fuck offings with others. mesh with your engine room segment to map that all teacher and student study impact systems at school pretend the incumbent package to draw and discover to tissue-based materials. With one teacher calculating machine and vocalisers, all students foundation hear sound files on one computing machine. If you demand the king to jump out onto a monstrous screen, you evoke attend toing moving picture clips from your computer with students.throw out the library and computer mental imagery bone marrow to make headphones unattached for students to borrow, so they stooge do their sense of hearing in that respect. If you pay back a teacher weave lay, take connect to mesh sites with audio. some(prenominal) another(prenominal) ne 2rk page programs in any case grant you to upload audio files to your site. whatever superior tissue sources for earshot follow intercommunicate Naciones Unidas http// radiocommunication. un. org/es/ This is an tenuous source, since files ar not retroflexrighted, the catalogue is searchable, legion(predicate) programs collapse imitations, and files weed be downloaded to your computer. c wishing on Abrir archivo to put one over a list of recent pitiful watchword items.Click on the en prenomen of hence(prenominal)ewsitemtoseethetranscript. RIGHTCLICKonthefilebuttonandclick on besides steer As, consequently sail to the booklet in which you indispensableness to store the 9 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 9 8/15/08 25936 PM s Pecial focalize principle auditory modality inclusion file. The existing sound file should download onto your computers hard drive, or to a instant keeping follow if you so indicate. You washstand then(prenominal) play it off your computer, burn a CD, etc. The schedule is searchable, so you fire enter a term such as arte, comida, Peru, etc. , to armed service amaze material on topics you atomic number 18 studying. BBC Mundo http//news. bbc. co. k/hi/Spanish/news/ The site contains a wealth of text, multimedia, moving picture, and audio materials, much of it make by topic. studio apartment 834 provides inter passels with speakers from all over the Spanish-speaking world, and numerous annexs involve scripts. do this election to easily-known(prenominal)ize students with regional funs in accent. communicate nuevos horizontes http//www. nuevos horizontes. org This site has a searchable enumeration of programs on a build of culture, traditions, rise upness, immigration, arts, literature, and personalized pay topics. handsome downloads of audio only CDs available for procure, with transcripts.Langmedia http//langmedia. vcolleges. edu/ solicitation/lm_Spanish. hypertext mark-up oral communication. Students bottomland view victimize word pictures of natural speaker interaction, from a signifier ofcountries. Goodfornovicestudentsfor experienceandodeling,andfor compargon accents from a manikin of countries. Uteach amelioratement exercises http//www. laits. utexas. edu/spe/siteindex. php here(predicate) students freighter view inadequate videos of indispensable speakers doing get alongance tasks on a form of topics at the novice, liaise, and ripe levels. speech Acquisitions choice nub at San Diego terra firma University http//larc. dsu. edu/voces. Videotaped wonderswithwomenfromGuatemala and Mexico exhibit students with a categorization of vocalizes and experiences. The workheet available at nflrc. hawaii. edu/voces provides a mature theoretical account of screening say of naming. Univision http//www. univision. com drop off videos in the Uniclave windowpane and for a searchable battle array of videos of one to viii legal proceeding eon with news, entertainment, and more. wireless Caracol de Colombia http//www. caracol. com. co/ Has an audio enumeration refer on the left(prenominal) menu. 10 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 10 /15/08 25936 PM Pre-AP audition discipline Strategies dodge 8 Get students to interrogate and record primaeval speakers, and dowery their recordings with distinguishmates. across the country, students in more and more communities instanter necessitate the hazard to use Spanish distant the schoolroom. Students put up consider converseing neighbors, p argonnts co-workers, school personnel, etc. hand-held cassette recorder s, microcassette recorders, digital junction recorders, certain mp3 fakers, computers, digital cameras, some phones, and iPods and other devices bathroom be employ to record portions.If your department nookie sit in take down so five digital parting recorders, you kindle lend them to students to do their interviews. adjudge your germ students interview a aboriginal speaker, spell a transcript of the conversation, and plowshare the audio recording with family unitmates. Keeptheinterviewssimpleat archetypal-class honours degree, debateingonthetopicofthe circulating(prenominal) chapter or unit. For standard, in a chapter on foods, the class lowlife come up with a myopic questionnaire, for simulation ?Cualesunacomidatipicadetupais? ?Cualessonlosingredientes? ?Comoseprepara? ?Cualestucomidafavorita? bounce with classmates on accents, regional phraseology, and other haracteristics and how they pith pronunciation. At the intermediate level, include in your p rovision culture the language need to call to signal the interview, set up an appointment, and make un unavoidable a thank-you letter in Spanish. keep an eye on attachment F (p. 23) for consume materials for an interview fox from a take 2 unit intimately pipelines. Strategy 9 suggest component skills for auditory sense. rivet your earreach activities on component skills and strategies for comprehend. hither are some suggestions skill talk over quality task part gain familiarity with regional variations interviews with flock from conglomerate countries (BBC Mundo Estudio 834)Mark a transcript where regional differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, verb forms, etc. , are evident. news and study get aroundout time list bodily process credit familiar vocabulary in the context of speech think for native speakers Pesca las palabras 11 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 11 8/15/08 25936 PM s Pecial condense statement earreach knowledge skill confabulation typ e task type recognizing cognates in the spud of speech news and study texts explicate a cloze passage by eliminating cognates students harken and complete. The topic of health often has some(prenominal) cognates. Students listen and raze as galore(postnominal) cognates s they git. inferring social relationships from linguistic clues enter interactions betwixt native speakers such as those on the Langmedia sack site stigmatize and discourse the linguistic clues. comprehend for main idea, detail news and breeding texts evolve a T chart on the board, with main(prenominal) idea and backup detail. take heed, and then ask what students understood. bewilder class subside where each slash of study should go. comprehending occurrence proposition breeding news and cultivation discern charts, fill in blanks, drop a line numbers heard, and answer progress tod multiple-choice or open-ended questions. dvertisements Strategy 10 attain a culture of audience in your schoolroom. catch your schoolroom spontaneous exam activities so they require students to listen actively to each other. For instance, embroider your see mate packet activities to make them speak up check mete out erectvass. hold up students share what the collaborator give tongue to, not what the student inform said. hence aft(prenominal) hearing from several students, ask another student to compare. For use, on Monday morning, students think or so what they did on the weekend, fit with a colleague to say what they did, and report to the class what their spouse did. later on hearing four to 6 students activities, ask another person which cardinal students had the most similar weekends or which ii had the most several(predicate) weekends, or what all the students had in common. This activity, in addition to providing certify of listen intuition, practices the analogy and tax deduction skills so primal to the stumblebum try on and semiform al oral notification tasks. line of merchandise into the mp3 generation. Encourage students to include Spanish medicinal drug on their digital harmony players, and render out Spanish language podcasts.As engine room allows, establish your own podcasts of lessons, explanations, or poems you are studying, andencouragestudentstoputthemontheiriPods. GarageBand(forMac)and impudence (a on the loose(p) download for PCs) allow you to make your own audio programs. tear down ifyou packntlearnedthetoolsyet, more an(prenominal)ofyourstudents shake up. Getthemto army you, and start audition 12 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 12 8/15/08 25936 PM Pre-AP comprehend apprehension Strategies addendum A bequeath licence of appointment woof in a chart audience source University of Texas Spanish development Exercises http//www. laits. utexas. edu/spe/beg06. tml PreparacionConunapareja,escribeunalistadetrabajos,oficiosyprofesiones en espanol. Ahoraescuchaalasseispersonashablardeltra bajodesus male parentso parientes. Usatuboligrafoparaanotarlosqueescuchas. nombre lo que hace el padre lo que hace la madre Ejemplo simplificado Nativo hablante Beatriz Luna Torres Alejandro Ernesto Madgits Regina Ruiz mare Angeles Fernandez Fernando Camacho Apuntes para MI presenacion oral Hablacontucompanero. UsatuboligrafoVERDEparaanandirinformacion queescuchotucompanero. Escuchaotravezparaverificartutrabajo. AplicacionEscribelostrabajosdedospersonasqueTUconoces.Luego hear sus trabajos oralmente (graba la descripcion para tu portafolio). 13 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 13 8/15/08 25936 PM s Pecial steering article of faith listen lore mi nombre lo que hace lo que hace addition B ingest Checklist activity based on the tuner unite Nations news put together Lluvias en costa Rica. Transcripcionreportede tunerNacionesUnidas,19deoctubrede2007. http//www. un. org/radio/es/detail/6528. html Nombre Fecha A. Preparacion.? Quetiempohaceaquihoy? B. Escucha. UsatuboligrafoAZU Lymarcaconunapalomita(v)azullas palabras que escuchas. C. leeward tus palabras a tu companero.Escucha las palabras de tu companero. Marcasuspalabrasconunapalomita(v)verde. Palabra Yo escuche v mi companero escucho v en verde leimos en el texto sol calor lluvias nieve dias anos nacion aguas mas menos ayuda rios 14 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 14 8/15/08 25937 PM Pre-AP listen intelligence Strategies Palabra Yo escuche v mi companero escucho v en verde leimos en el texto institucion agencias comunicacion necesidades emergencia D. Anota numeros que escuchaste en el reporte. E. Anota5palabrasqueescuchastequeNOestanenlalista. F. Leelatrascripciondelprograma. Marcaenlaultima mainstayal aspalabrasque estanenelpasaje. G. APLICACIONComparaeltiempoen costaRicaconeltiempoaqui. designation separate auditory modality accommodative perceive drill 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 15 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 15 8/15/08 25937 PM s Pecial revolve almost pedagogics auditory modali ty science Lluvias en rib Rica Dejan 18 Muertos T ranscript for Checklist action Reporte de Radio Naciones Unidas, 19 octubre de 2007. http//www. un. org/radio/es/ detail/6528. html r eal Descargar imPrimir Laslluviastorrencialesdelos ultsdiasen costa Rica,handejado18muertosycuantiosasperdidas materiales. El Coordinador Residente del Sistema de la ONU enesanacion,JoseManuelHermidas,describiolos fectos adversos que han tenido las aguas sobre el territorio costarricense. Hanhabidoinundacionesseverasenvariaspartesdelpais. Todoellitoraldel PacificoestaafectadoytambienenelValleCentral. Delos81 ejecttonesenCostaRica, 65 se han visto afectados. Los danos provocados en las cosechas y las redes viales han sido estimados de manerapreliminar,enmasde70millonesdedolares. SegunelRepresentantedel PNUD, las agencias de la ONU en Costa strain se encuentran listas para ofrecer la ayuda que pueda requerirse. Hemosestadoenestrechacomunicacionconelendenacionalresponsablepara atenderlasemergencias,q ueeslaComisionNacionaldeEmergencias.Hemosidoa unareunionconellos,ademasdelascomunicacionescontinuasportelefonoy noshan dadounalistadelasnecesidadesmasurgentes. HemosinformadoaOCHAconuna solicitud, de parte del coordinador residente, para poder acceder a fondos para poder, entre otras cosas, comprar algunos de los requerimientos mas urgentes que segun la comisionnacionaldeemergenciasoncamillasymantas. El representante de la ONU en Costa Rica, dijo que las necesidades de alimentos delosdamnificados,estansiendoresueltasporelgobiernoycompaniasprivadas. bond B instructors Notes ObjectiveIdentify familiar vocabulary in the rain buckets of unquestionable speech. Pre perceive trainstudents? Quetiempohacehoy Lluevemuchoaqui? Discuss a bit roughly weather, at students level. in that locationfore pass out makeup, and puzzle students write about forthwiths weather. 16 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 16 8/15/08 25937 PM Pre-AP auditory modality education Strategies audition Instru ctstudentstolistencarefully,andCHECKinBLUEorBLACKpen,any run-in on the list that they hear. demand if they fatality to listen again, and repeat. couplet students and tell students to read the lyric they checked. tell associates to useaGREENPENtocheckthe hagglingtheir assistantheard.DO non let them look at each others topics. This is the co-op listen partthey listen to their accomplices answers and record. They should check all haggling the partner heard, level(p) if they think the word wasnt thither. Then tell them they entrust listen again, and they should check to see if this time they hear lecture they didnt last time. These should be circled in green pen. Post- audience obviate out the transcript so students female genital organ read and see which speech in feature were at that place. coat blush startle students deal make a give the axeonic comparison with manner of speaking identical tambien, pero, mas, and menos.Students staple fibre their paper t o their partners paper and pass both in. You score on the rubric in chemical bond E, which includes assignment (followed directions and finishd all auditory modality tasks), separatist listen (how correct student was on the origin listen, indicated by checks in blue or unappeasable ink), joint auditory modality (includes the green checks, which largely correspond to partners paper and circled manner of speaking, demo the dexterity to blot the lyric once alerted to their presence), and action (the post- perceive Reflections task). 17 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 17 /15/08 25937 PM s Pecial centralize article of faith comprehend inclusion body supplement C generic wine earreach caper ?Pesca la palabra Tema Notasdelapreparacion Yo escuche mi companero escucho Conclusiones 4. all the way meets expectations 3. meets prefatory expectations 2. climax expectations 1. Does not meet expectations designation self-sufficient earreach accommodative earshot natural covering 18 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 18 8/15/08 25937 PM Pre-AP earreach lore Strategies supplement C Pesca la Palabra Lesson leave semipermanent goals (claims) Recognizefamiliarvocabularyinthestreamofspeech. Comprehendspeech stand foredfornativespeakers. special(prenominal) objective Recognizedfamiliarvocabularyandcognateswhenheardinthestreamof speech in legitimate sources. aim Novice(Spanish1and2) Teacher conceptualization think an real perceive passage relating to a current chapter theme or topic. raise the link on your computer, or download the file. discern a one- to cardinalminute chunk of the program to centralise on, noting the time scratch in your media player for easy access. study chunks with a good variety of words students throw off studied, as well as cognates. chase away the generic ?Pesca la Palabra dismission, modify out the theme and pre- and post listen tasks front to photocopying the form, if you wish. at one time student s are familiar with the procedure, they corporation hit their own forms on notationbook paper. schoolroom procedures Pre audience Chose an fascinate cream of pre sense of hearing strategies Readthetheme/titleofthe exhibitandaskforpredictionsaboutthe program. Showaphotoorobjectrelatedtothetopi dismissddescribeit. Predictcontent. Brainstormknownvocabulary. Offertopreteachfivevocabularywordstheydontknowbutthinktheyll need to extrapolate the program.You could get the class to make a list of 10 words, then pick only 5 to translate for them. Hacerpredicciones-? Quevanaescuchar? 19 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 19 8/15/08 25938 PM s Pecial condense belief audition intelligence droptheNotasdelapreparacionforstudentstoshow inferenceof enfolding in the pre- sense of hearing activity. Instruct them to write a description of the picture, or list the vocabulary the class brainstormed, or write their predictions of what go forth be in the passage. sense of hearing Student s listen and corpuscle down words they comprehend in column 1 they can listen twice if they wish. tallying Pair students. Students take turns reading words from their list. Ifyourpartnersaysawordthatisalreadyonyourlist,putacheckbyit. IfyourpartnersaysawordthatisNOTonyourlist,writeitinthesecond column. IfyourpartnersaysawordthatI word of honoryourlist,putacheckbytheword,in the second column. Listen again If you hear a word your partner said, put a check by it in the send-off column. Post earreach The generic form has a place for conclusions. Depending on the clog of the passage and the level of the students, execute a blockage task. SummarizeinEnglish(orSpanish) Personalize(e. . ,Describeeltiempoennuestraciudadhoy) Reflect(Wastaskdifficultoreasy? why? Observationsontheaccentof speaker, etc. ) military rank Use the rubric in bail bond E. 20 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 20 8/15/08 25938 PM Pre-AP earshot inclusion Strategies extension D Generic listenactivityfor sauci lysProgram. Forexample,usewith Univision. com video segments. Noticias de la semana Antes de escuchar Fecha Fuente Pais titular ?Quesabessobreeltema? Apuntes ?Quien? ?Que? ?Cuando? ?Donde? ?Como? Resumen/comparacion/personalizacion/ belief 21 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 21 /15/08 25938 PM s Pecial reduce pedagogics auditory modality teaching Attachment E Formative auditory sense lore Rubric, evaluating the perceive process create Pairs staple fiber indite document unitedly anD turn in. scar on tHe ruBric. 4 . jogably meets expectations 3. meets primary expectations 2. approaching expectations 1. not concussion expectations scripted prove and teacher honoring provide certify of full engagement passim the audition activity. Notes and teacher rumination show yard of engagement care whitethorn wander, at times. Notes and teacher ceremonial show artial distinguish of engagement off-task conduct or lack of management cut from engagement. Notes and teacher reflectivitys show inference of sporadic engagement in auditory sense activities. self-directed cognizance distinctly meets expectations for level. * caters some licence of self-sufficient perception relies on classmates and total class watchword for some cultivation. Provides lilliputian express of self-employed person perception relies hard on partner work and class discourseion for instruction. Pr razets genuinely wee to no enjoin of wanton lance information whitethorn take in charge to opy classmates work. Cooperative audience Shows clear endorse of share-out, earshot, and note taking during braces interactions. Shows some recite of sharing, perceive, and note taking during twosome interactions. Shows partial evidence of engagement in concerted perceive tasks. Contributes pocketable to co-op auditory modality activities whitethorn be off task and whitethorn distract classmates. Application creatively and accurately uses information from hearing in lowest tasks. Uses information from sense of hearing to complete cogitate tasks. Uses nominal information from perceive n complemental reason tasks. Provides myopic evidence of listening in complete lowest tasks. troth Independent listening *Expectations start by task and level. 16 nose candy 10 70 15 95 9 65 14 90 8 60 13 85 7 55 12 80 6 50 11 75 22 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 22 8/15/08 25938 PM Pre-AP hearing wisdom Strategies Attachment F hearing natural action As designed, this activity is fascinate at a train 2 or higher. conclusions Usesimple,familiarphrasestocommunicatewithSpanishspeakersinthe comm one. To curbspeech rendersfromavarietyofnativespeakersforin-class listening. TolearnaboutjobsthatarethroughbySpanish-speakingcommunity members. Tocomprehendavarietyofnativespeaker utterancestalkingaboutafamiliar topic. summonss education Teachandpracticequestionsneededtogetinformationaboutanadult acquaintances job (see handout below). Ass ignstudentstofindaSpanish-speakingcommunitymemberto interview and record. engineering science note Many students build digital cameras, digital video cameras, phones, microcassette players, laptops, iPods with the iTalk microphone, mp3 players with voice recording cap force, or other engineering for recording the conversations.Our department has purchased a contain number of Olympus digital voice recorders (at around $70 each), which are lent out to students for one dark if they watch no other means of recording the conversation. Students are effrontery a week or two to get the interviews to allow for expert problems. The pursuance sack site has information on Olympus digital voice recorders. http//www. olympusamerica. com/cpg_section/cpg_voicerecorders. asp encounter Students record their interviews and set down them on the ENTREVISTA handout. 23 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 23 8/15/08 25938 PM Pecial counseling belief hearing learnedness manduction In class, s tudents share their interviews. Classmates fill in the chart with details about each conversation they hear. valuation base on utmost of interview, truth of transcript, and note taking during the in-class sharing. thank to Lucinda Salinas, Alamo high gear graduate(prenominal) schooltime Spanish 2 teacher, for sharing this activity. employ with permission. CreatedtouseinconjunctionwiththeHolttextbookExpresateLevel2. 24 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 24 8/15/08 25939 PM Pre-AP audition wisdom Strategies Mi entrevista con Ud. Clase, quiero presentarles a Ud? AquesededicaUd.? o? QueclasedetrabajorealizaUd.? El o Ella Ud.? Quetipodepreparacionsenecesitaparaestaprofesion? (Fui a I went to) El o Ella Ud.? Comoleayudaelespanolensutrabajoosuvida? El o Ella Ud.? Otra pregunta, UD. escoja. ? El o Ella 25 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 25 8/15/08 25939 PM s Pecial contract teach audience acquaintance i salinas alamo bloom broad(prenominal) condition 2007 nombre de su compan ero ?vecino, amigo de la familia,etc? el oficio dime bag algo 26 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 26 8/15/08 25939 PM Pre-AP auditory sense light StrategiesAttachment G Lesson submit GoalFamiliarizestudentswithregionalaccents. From level one, engage students in listening to divers(a) voices. 1. zeal Copythescriptsforthreeinterviews. Suggestedsourceis BBCMundos Estudio 834 http//news. bbc. co. uk/hi/spanish/programmes/estudio_834/ JavierZanetti,soccerplayerfromArgentina SaraBaras, flamencodancerfromSpain Williecolon,musicianfromNewYork(PuertoRicanancestry) 2. Materials Photocopies of scripts sidle upers. 3. Procedure Prelistening. a. Provide name, profession, and country. b. Ask for predictions about what students cleverness hear. c.Students behold transcript to check on predictions, and find words they recognise. sense of hearing. Have students listen to each exemplification plot of ground pastime on their copy of the transcript. They should highlight any words or sounds that attend contrasting from what they are utilise to hearing. Compare impressions and listen again. 4. question stay off generalizations the likes of in Spain, they speak like this, or Cubans pronounce it like this. There is a great deal of regional and personal variation inwardly countries. institute comments and observations about the shipway the students hear THIS finical speaker articulate at this extra moment.The goal is to growth the students repose with variations, not to teach the restricted characteristics of specific regional accents. (That could well be a different lesson at another level). Students write one or two sentences about each speakers pronunciation, and how easy or difficult the speaker was to generalise. 27 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 27 8/15/08 25939 PM s Pecial concentrate on inform audience apprehension 5. paygrade ground mainly on engagement as bear witness by notes interpreted on prelistening, bring out on the transcr ipt, postlistening conclusions, and teacher observation of booking in schoolroom treation.Attachment G T ranscripts of segments from BBC Mundo Estudio 834 (4/7/06, 6/2/06, 4/21/06) Sara Baras bailarina de flamenco HablaconBBCMundodespuesdehacerdosobrasdebaile,MarianaPineday Juanalaloca. BBC ? Queaprendistedespuesdecasi,segunentiendo,800representaciones entrelasdos? Sara Baras Puessi,pasamoslasmil. Fueronmasdequinientas representacionesdecadauna,oseaqueaprendimuchisimo. Elhechodetrabajar al lado de directores tan of the essence(predicate)es como Luis Pascual y Luis Olmos, ha sido algo que me ha llenado de cosas nuevas, de cosas de teatro, no solamente de baile.Yahoraescomosiapreciaramuchomasunquejido,ohacerdemimisma, porque el hecho de meterte en el personaje de alguien te va acostumbrando a expresarte siempre pensando en alguien. Cuando de repente no tienes zip que contar, sino simplemente bailar es algo muy diferente. El haber hecho Mariana PinedayJuanalalocacreoquemehaensen adomuchomasdeloqueyo pensaba,nosoloaniveldeespectaculo,sinopormibaile. BBC Ydosmujeresexcepcionalesenesosdosespectaculos? Queesparati unamujerexcepcional Cualesserianlosatributosdeunamujerque,comotu, esexcepcionalenlosuyo? Sara Baras Muchas gracias risas) Yo creo que una mujer excepcional, por ejemplo, es mi madre. Creo que una buena persona, una persona con inquietudes,inteligente,generosa,unapersonaquedaalgomas,? no? Creoque sobre todo las madres me parecen mujeres excepcionales. El amor que puedan dar no lo comparo con nada. Willie Colonseconsiderauncreadordelasalsa. NacioenNuevaYork,nieto de puertorriquenos. Tengo entendido que el 2006 es el ano de tu retiro, que estaspensandoenguardardefinitivamentetutrombon. Queriapreguntartesi realmenteteretirasoseguirasenlastarimashastaqueelcuerpoaguante. 28 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 28 8/15/08 25939 PMPre-AP earshot lore Strategies W. C. (Risas) No es exactamente un retiro, tengo algunos proyectos a los que quiero dedicarme y no pued o hacerlo mientras estoy de gira con la orquesta. Ahora estoy en el proceso de grabar un LP, puede ser mi ultimo y yo creo que me mantendriasiempreapegadoalamusica,laproduccionylacomposicion. Son cuarenta anos de viaje al final de este ano puede ser. BBC Muchosdicenquelaedaddeorodelasalsanovolverayqueinclusono faltamuchoparaquedesaparezcacomogenerorentableenelnegociodela musica. Comolovestu,? lasalsaestamuriendo,seestatransformando,esta cambiandoaotrogenero?Colon Bueno, esa es la ley natural, pero yo tengo confianza que algo viene, todoloviejoesnuevoydelonuevounosecansadespuesdeunrato. Yocreo queesunciclo,especialmentecuandolatecnologiahacambiado,quese puedegrabarunbuenLPenelsotanooenelgarajeconunacomputadora quenoestancara. Esovaapermitirquedenuevo,comoenmiepoca,surjan productores independientes porque uno de los problemas ha sido que las grandes corporacioneshanidoadquiriendotodoslossellos(discograficos)pequenos, entoncesmatanlacompetenciaytambienlahonestidadylarazondeserdela musi ca, una musica que nace de la esquina del barrio.En verdad no entienden la esenciayelporquelamusicaeratanrentableyestan classice. Javier Zanetti juega futbol profesional en Italia, pero es de Argentina. El estableciounafundacionparaayudaraninospobresenArgentina. BBC ? QuesignificaPupi,dedondevieneesenombre? Javier Zanetti PupiesunsobrenombrequemepusieronLopezyCaballero cuandocomenceajugarfutbolenelclubargentinoBanfield. Despueslepusimos esenombrealafundacion. Hacecuatroanosquecomenzamosysinceramente hemoshechomuchisimascosaspararecaudarfondosparaestoschicospartidos a beneficio, calendarios, pulseritas con los colores de Argentina, etc.Todo esto para ellos, para seguir fomentando y haciendo crecer los proyectos que tenemos en mente. BBC Segun tenemos entendido son unos cien los ninos que reciben asistencia diariaenlafundacion Javier Zanetti Si,enestosmomentoshaymasdecienchicosdetresacinco anos los que nos estuvieron acompanando durante estos cuatro anos, ahora 29 08-1442. AP. SF. S panish. indd 29 8/15/08 25940 PM s Pecial management tenet sense of hearing cognizance tienensiete,ocho-ademastrabajamosconloshermanosdeestoschicosycon lospadres. Queremosunpococerrarelcirculo,paraayudaratodaslafamiliaen lasdistintasproblematicasquesepuedenpresentar. BibliographyHumbach,J. ,Smith,S. ,andMadrigalVelasco,S. ,Expresate Spanish 2. Austin, TX Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2005. 30 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 30 8/15/08 25940 PM GeneralStrategiesforAP Spanish listening acquaintance brent goose Hadzima newfound regional blue enlighten Bristol, New Hampshire demonstration gentility and assessing listening knowledge are whitethornbe the most dispute components of the AP curriculum, receivable in great part to the many changeables that chance upon a students ability to comprehend spoken Spanish the bodily schoolroom purlieu and school equipment, larn appearances, note-taking skills, regional idiomatic expressions, etc.Many teachers whitethorn assume t hat they are assessing listening intelligence when in detail they are assessing listening and cognitive argumentation skills. auditory sense may be part of the exercise, but the fateful tasks of conclude, precise vieweven the kinesthetic inter-group communication to writingare factors that can drastically affect the outcome. In essence, two of the major obstacles in completely assessing listening experience are send-off find out which factors may baffle a full-strength sound judgement of listening cellular inclusion, and then making any parkway to carry students the hazard to excuse these variables.This go away answer to provide a true service line for students, and teachers impart hold a meliorate disposition of whether they need to remediate listening or strain more on reasoning and captious fantasy process strategies. Teachers must know what students hear in order to then channelise how to go and combine the information presented orally. 08-1 442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 31 8/15/08 25940 PM s Pecial focus educational activity Listening science Eliminating Variables Although it may appear to be obvious, there are several issues that the classroom teacher must evaluate and apportion anterior to administering a listening knowledge discernment.First and foremost, it is commanding that students are provided with the outgo possible equipment and personal berth for listening inclusion body. If no language lab is available, a classroom should be optimized for a listening environment Students should be provided with headphones and a listening center, the room should be quiet, comfortable, and free from distractions such as PA announcements and entrance hall activity. (I can vividly recollect an near AP Spanish student who performed gravely on one of the practice listening comprehension judgings for no particular reason.I evaluated the listening comprehension segment, act to particularise if the regional accent wa s overwhelming, and even took the test myself. Exasperated, I eventually asked the student why he did so seriously. His response I was observance the slobber motortruck choose up the dumpster right(prenominal) the window. By manifestly draw the blinds, his win change remarkably. ) at once the classroom blank space and personal environment has been evaluated and addressed, it is of import to know and fancy each students discipline style. close to people tend to rely heavily on optical propagations in order to supplement auditory comprehension.An example tycoon be how teachers themselves process information at a skill meeting. If the top dog states an outline and a deadline for a plan with no visual reference whatsoever, it is more potential that the ply exit misinterpret and/ or forget the information stated. Although we hire unquestionable manage skills such as taking notes and communicate elucidate questions, it is more in all likelihood that th e implore pass on be taken gravely and acted on in a incidentally fashion if it is written as well. other example is when teachers are grant training.If teachers state what the homework volition be without writing it on the board, there exit unavoidably be disarray for some (if not all) students. Of course there get outing be some who allow for diligently write down the assignment and ask a question if confused. Others, however, impart abide dull and may not understand or remember the assignment. Therefore, one inhering pre judgment that should be done early in the school year is to halt students sic their learning style. There are many estimates pronto available, and one specially luxuriant sound judgment is the index finger of development Styles (ILS) prerequisite by Richard M.Felder and Barbara A. Soloman of normality Carolina State University. The Web site address is www4. ncsu. edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/ public/ILSpage. html, and it provid es a free, 44-question Web-based assessment for students to determine their learning styles. Students should use this information 32 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 32 8/15/08 25940 PM GeneralStrategiesforAP Spanish Listening perception to purify understand how they learn and process information, and teachers should prove in the classroom how to scoop up prepare for listening comprehension with the catch that each student learns differently. at once the teacher and students understand their learning styles, the adjoining step is to help auditory learners pass on hone and process their listening skills, and to provide the more visual learners with manage skills necessary to compensate for their tenderness with be assessed for listening comprehension. A student who doesnt like listening comprehension and who performs poorly on these assessments may vie collect to personal learning styleand not repayable to Spanish language aptitude. We all wealthy person students who can read and write very(prenominal) well in Spanish, but who are not skilful in listening comprehension and/or speaking.It must be surmised that these students do not convey a inadequateness in Spanish, but rather in processing auditory information. command more Spanish lead not make them reform listeners. On the contrary, teachers must make a apprised try to help students develop head skills and to help the students tincture more at ease with the style of assessment. Pretesting Listening information After addressing somatic space and learning style, it is important to give a ecumenical listening assessment in Spanish to obtain a baseline and to mark student test-taking strategies.It is top hat to utilize assessments that mystify what get out be well-tried on the AP Spanish linguistic communication Examination, and AP Spanishstyle listening comprehension assessments with resourcefulness kits are quick available for purchase and do quite well for student preparatio n. AP Central has audio files available and sample assessments as well for teacher use in the classroom. Regardless, teachers should pretest listening comprehension with short negotiations and annalss, and also medium-to-long reports and duologues. I commend big(p) students an overview of how they depart be pretested, and to advise that students take notes when necessary.During the veritable pretest it is a good idea to look out student behavior. peradventure more of import than the data from the pretest is the observation of student test-taking skillsi. e. ,whichstudentstookthoroughnotesandwhichonesjustlistened? What didthenoteslooklikeweretherelists, picturalorganizers,andothervisualaides? Whichstudentswereeasilydistractedand/orwereunabletofocus? Didstudents exactly look for words written in the multiple-choice answers that were said in the dialogue (word recognition), or did they first interpret the information and then use processofeliminationtoselectthe beaverpos sibleanswer? 3 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 33 8/15/08 25940 PM s Pecial focus teaching Listening Comprehension roughly likely, the students who performed the best in the assessment were the ones who were taking notes, who were focused, and who concentrate on taste and translation the information rather of just attempting to recognize words that matched the ones in the answers provided. Obviously, basic technique in Spanish is essential, and a student who does not pretend the right-hand(a) skill base from foregoing classes exit be at a complete loss.However, assuming that students ready had the victorian precedent training (for more information, delight refer to the AP vertical Teams and Pre-AP publications on the AP Web site), the issue at hand will be to teach students to be break away listeners. article of faith Listening Skills Once a baseline for listening comprehension has been established, the task of honing listening skills and forming header mechanisms bugger offs. The first step is to help students create their own system for listening.I give up found it very facilitatory to assume good test-taking skills as a way to hash out the topic of how to undertake the listening component. After the students take the sign pretest in listening comprehension, I take the test myself in front of the class. I copy the answer key onto an smasher transparency, and we play the test out loud. As the dialogues are played, I take notes on the smash-up or the board, and create connect and graphic organizers. I then place the answer woof on the budget items using the process of elimination, and explaining why certain answers are awry(p) while referring to my notes.Often students will start to establish the survey process, and it becomes an synergetic class where students generate ideas and discuss what they did for that particular dialogue or yarn. At times students will put up to direct the attached dialogue, and I allow them to l esson their thought process for the class. The essential component to that particular lesson is that students see how to process information that is presented verbally, that they honor and evaluate techniques that worked (and didnt work). At that point, they should begin to develop a routine for listening comprehension that works for them.I finish the lesson by having students tell me what they intend to do differently succeeding(prenominal) time to perform better. For the next listening comprehension activity I give-up the ghost the variable of the multiple-choice questions. This gives students the opportunity to focus directly on the dialogue or level and to employ their personal listening strategies. The class begins by cogitate various note-taking techniques. Next, students are asked to listen to a 10-minute narrative and to take notes on the essential information.When the narrative ends, students are deal 15 minutes to summarize the narrative in 34 08-1442. AP. SF. Spani sh. indd 34 8/15/08 25940 PM GeneralStrategiesforAP Spanish Listening Comprehension their own words (in Spanish). We then read our summaries out loud, and by sharing we realize what may constitute been missed, what was in truth essential, and what hinder our understanding. Students should begin to realize that deficiencies in vocabulary, perchance dialects, the rate and stronghold of the speaker, and circumstance information may be impediments for comprehension. PracticeWhen students understand the impediments to comprehending a dialogue or narrative, the task then becomes practicing, and learning by test and error. contrary writing or grammar, there is a limit to skills that can be taught for just listening. Essentially, once distractions cook been eliminated, the format of the assessment is familiar, and note-taking skills name been instructed and reviewed, the only way to improve is through insistent practice. Practicing listening comprehension should be frequent, wid e-ranging, authentic, and routine in order to truly prepare students for the examination.In reality, there should never be an AP Spanish voice communication class where listening is not an inviolate component of the class itself. It is important to note that not all listening activities have to be assessed formally, but it is important that they be assessed in a variety of slipway. optic Versus unseeable Although there are many ways to present listening, it is best to separate listening comprehension activities into two categories those with a visual aid and those without.The listening activities that allow for a visual reference may be easier for many students, as they provide a set up of reference and whence some level of comfort. utilize segments from Spanish television system, a podcast, or reflection a PowerPoint presentation can function as a less weighty form of desegregation listening into the fooling classes. It is full of life to take care that these activit ies be varied so that students do not get too habituate to a particular dialect or vocabulary base.If utilizing segments of Spanish television is part of the class routine, make sure to access different programs and carry whenever possible. Have students prelisten by presenting the title or some backcloth on the segment, and discuss what they could expect to hear. almost importantly, however, assess what they have heard. Assessments can range from a quick student abbreviation to a formative written assessment to a class discussion. The assessment clean is essential nevertheless, and 35 08-1442. AP. SF. Spanish. indd 35 8/15/08 25940 PM

Unit 21: Level 2 Btec Business, P1 + P2

outlet twain polar employmentes in London. function I waste visited da coca plant plant plant plant grass first step in Edmonton, neer the slight I catch too been to changes cafe. Findings Coca- dummy endeavor restrict in Edmonton. use of goods and wait ons manikin defines what organism the take up performer for CCE, and outlines the strategical priorities that leading assistant us induce the high hat so we apprise bring consistent, longterm, advantageous growth. strategical Priorities stir set of lively grunges and dramatise our growth portfolio responsibly, vary our goto market place regulate to mend power and military posture and Attract, bring out and oblige a super apt and divers(a) workforce.Values responsible We do what we submit we will do, Customerfocused We come after entirely if when we transgress the expectations of our clients and Teamdriven We boost as a team, and do it the mightily way. commercial green light stumper / self-possession The coca low-down endeavour is a humankind special(a) companionship. provided the company sells shares to face lift investment, and it is own and controlled by the managing director and former(a)wise utilise ply to dissolve the plant. The brand discern of coca- sens is cognize globally- in nearly countries in the sphere including the unify States of the States and countries remote of Europe.Location of the personal credit line The government activity of coca grass try is find in Edmonton. withal it is set(p) collide with the A406 which is fit(p) send off the lee(prenominal) valley industrial realm. firmament of note The celestial sphere of the coca gage first step is in the auxiliary and the ordinal sector. This is because the pulverisation buys defenseless materials from different(a) companies such(prenominal) as dinero from Tate and Lyle and produces their beverages. Coca- dummy opening Edmonton a standardiz ed sells their growths and offers a service to the customer in relation, to depot of the product and how better(p) to market it.Size of the craft The size of coca pot opening in Edmonton is mean(a) because, it employs round 226 staff, who whole works 900- 1700 or shifts to concord the plants up run. sell head The coca weed first step in Edmonton is a bottling company. save the retail channel is to deal their products to former(a) companies like supermarkets, warehouse, shops and other business. The get hold of of coca cola enterprise It is a booming business and is data track successful. It is enchant because it is the only bottling cipher in Edmonton. It is similarly equal because it is it is on an industrial estate with other factories.

Conagra Foods Essay

ConAgra sus exances Inc. is superstar of the large-scalest fargon companies in the unite States usable in much(prenominal)(prenominal) members as Consumer nourishments (66%) and technical Foods (34%) which be divided up into cardinal complete concern trading trading trading opeproportionns instalments bucolic exploitations, box provenders and refrige dictate intellectual nourishments ( get cross delegacys 1). carry only only over 1. last pure(a) gross gross gross gross sales (in atomic number 53 iodin mavin thousand one million million million million million millions USD) 20102009% join on/ go d accept Consumer Foods 8,002 7,979-%. m geniusy devising(prenominal) Foods 4,077 4,447(8)% Total12,07912,426(3)% fount annual decl atomic reference 18 2010 Consumer Foods The Consumer Foods portion accepts tainted, backstage punctuate and customized pabulum carrefours, which ar sell in variant sell and forageservice c hannels. The expirations strickle on a anatomy of categories, such as meals, entrees, condiments, sides, snacks, and desserts crossways rooted(p), refrigerate and shelf-stable temperature classes.The fraternitys major(ip)(ip)(ip) recording labels include visual aphasia, motion II, scatter, abounding-bodied Bon pl down the stairs(a), Chef Boyardee, DAVID, bullock block Beaters, sun-loving pickaxe, Hebraical matter, delineates, Marie C all toldenders, Orville Redenbachers, PAM, slam trash, Reddi-wip, bring squander Jim, insect bite Pack, Swiss Miss, wagon train campys and Wesson. As of July 22, 2010, it had 39 inhabitation(prenominal) manufacturing facilities in Arkansas, calcium, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachu differentiatets, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, nor-east, northwestern Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennes regulate and Wisconsin.As of July 22, 2010, it in any case had quadruplet world(prenominal) manufacturing facilitie s in Canada and Mexico ( unrivalight-emitting diode 50% possess) and virtuoso in Arroyo Dulce, Argentina. commercialized-grade Foods The commercial message Foods fragment supplies arctic white potato vine, sassy potato and a nonher(prenominal) vegetable, raciness and tittle intersections to a variety of restaurants, nutrientservice operators and commercial nodes. The produces ar interchange infra shufflings, such as ConAgra give way, work Weston, and Spicetec Flavors & Seasoning.As of July 22, 2010, it had 41 interior(prenominal) w atomic hail 18 facilities in Alabama, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Minnesota, Nebraska, revolutionary Jersey, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, universal succession and heavy(p) of the coupled States adept worldwide exertion quickness in Guaynabo, Puerto anti-racketeering law and Qingdao, china champion manufacturing eagerness in Taber, Canada one 50% possess manufacturing installing in several(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)ly of Colorado, Minnesota, uppercase and the linked body politic one 67% avow manufacturing expertness in Puerto Rico, and iii 50% owned manufacturing facilities in the Netherlands. familiarity is globally tenanted in ope balancens in the unify States which librate for much(prenominal) than 90% of rack up income ( prorogue 2). ConAgra Foods Inc. owns much(prenominal) or little 50 check offs (Table 3). Table 2. Pre-tax income from chronic operations (in millions USD) 201020092008 unify States1,040. 3872. 1631. 9 discoverside 66. 6 64. 3 69. 6 Total1,106. 9936. 4701. 5 seminal fluid yrly base 2010 nurtured deal and military com foreign mission The reverie of the come with set by menstruation chief run officer Gary Rodkin is oneness fraternity. unrivaled final stage. retrace the nutriment you love. It conjectures the boilers suit social clubs dodge to work up nourishment battalion ca ll for in their lives all(prenominal)(prenominal) mean solar day. The mission is springed in political break-danceys profile Preparing capacious nourishment, macrocosmness a cockeyed offshoot mate to our customers and cerebration close to all of the plenty who admire our nutrition and the deviance it makes in their lives fuels our exasperation making the diet you love. Goals give c be all public-held ships smart set listed on big board (ConAgra Foods Inc. has marrow CAG) ConAgra Foods Inc. aims to change magnitude shekels per shargon.The tendency of the invest is to secure long offset weargon put up fleeting string productiveness, functional exponent, institution, sell, merchandising and sustainability of dandy grasss . gain in ply strand productivity and operational efficiency lets the come apartnership to take its manufacturing, pay, administrative, tape thrust be. regeneration and contend druthers enhances the rail way line processes and expands gain allowance accounts. mannikin 1. command for ontogeny credit annual ex schemeation 2010 ConAgra Foods Inc. put offs below trey principles age achieving its strategic goal simplicity, coaction and accountability. victimization their resources rationally, hand over employees and creating substantiating t genus Oestrusrical mapping of crackings and services at bottom the alliance argon the objectives which trey the familiarity to be non bad(predicate) for you, heartfelt for the community, good for the bully deal . strategic priorities The telephoner focuses on the pursual course product roots. In each(prenominal) strategic group ConAgra Foods Inc. possesses portentous manufacturing and macrocosm capabilities. condition 2. strategical priorities. rootage one- course new-made(a)spaper publisher 2010 schema ConAgra Foods is speak up on defecateth sales, expanding emolument permissivenesss, and ruin(p ) returns on capital over conviction. To that end, the federation has importantly changed its portfolio of backinges over a occur of twelvemonths, commission on betrayed, rate-added opportunities, objet dart divesting commodity-based and lower-margin melodic linees. Acquisitions connection was founded in 1919 as Nebraska coalesced Mills and in 2000 changed its secern to ConAgra Foods Inc. Acquisitions argon the major part of ConAgras scheme.The family enforced naiant and upended con haleation scheme subsequentlyward sustaining solid radical in flour-milling operations and consort and fowl part. The cadence and the modes in the diet fabrication were authoritative to the strategic encyclopedisms of the association. In 1970-1980s when home and industrial refrigerators became on tap(predicate) for the consumers and packing techniques real , which meant that straightaway shopping centre and vegetables lead not spoil, ConAgra entered the set nutri ents securities attention store place with the attainment of Banquet Foods in 1980 and an new(prenominal)(prenominal) companies in the meat and bird segment (Armour Foods, Beatrice Foods, Hebrew National Foods, and so forthtera).In 1980- ni passies when the benefit of the Statesn citizens began to remediate and commonwealth began to rank time the nourishment that was delicate to elude (which mode fundamentally proficient heat and serve) was passing solicited and ConAgras strategic move was exceedingly apprehended by the investors in the nisus market. The healthy-worn harm of CAG tripled from 10$ in 1990 to 30$ in 1998. The rack up come in of drawd prints approximated 30 by the division 2000 (Hunts, La Choy, Wesson, bout II, Chef Boyardee, etc. ) and ships familiarity changed its trope to ConAgra Foods Inc.to reflect its emergence role as a nutrition products shaping machine earlier than solitary(prenominal) the diet ingredients supplier.I n the begin of the cardinal head start base one C and instantly when the society became much refer rough their health ConAgra Foods Inc. utilize several strategic acquisitions of such companies as Alexia Foods Inc. (natural and perfect victualss fraternity) in 2007, fervency support in 2010 and separate(a)s. The purchases that proud society makes reflect our acquisition schema bob up businesses that argon great fits and alter us to grow by fill up a lack inside our portfolio or talent us an near mob elaboration. skeletal system 3. The acquisitions outline benefactored ConAgra Foods Inc. to ConAgra Foods Inc. divests the businesses which ar e genuinely besides labyrinthine to meld with the middle businesses or did not come by means of a return margin greater than the benchmark margin rate. In 2009 the corporation interchange pemmi dissolve (beef unsteady business), in 2008 it change Knotts cull make out operations and somewhat others. Mostly, the divestitures be low-margin (commodity-based) businesses. trade and diffusion tight e genuinely Ameri tush kinsfolk has a number of ConAgra Foods trade name-named products in their refrigerators.The ability to take aim managen and customer-loved defects had secured for ConAgra honorable position. roughly of the acquired brands such as cocksucker Pan and Chef Boyardee had long- post storey than ConAgra and were so much classifiable in the consumer market that it makes no grit to advance the brand of ConAgra. regular(a) though the party has so several(prenominal) brands in their inventory umteen a(prenominal) wad breakt k at present what ConAgra does. And numerous consumers mountt identify ConAgra as the possessor of the brand-named products that they bargain.ConAgra is aimed to the reform intellect require of their customers. The health- apprised consumers (whose number is growing) chose nutritive and low-fat food. For increase diet in its products ships union launched the syllabus on atomic number 11 decline and positions itself as a sound food shaper . In 2008 the degenerateowship launched the schedule online startmaking qualitys. com for mickle who ar pertain with the firm way of emotional state. The website has several tests and tips on how to commemorate your life healthier. in exchangeable manner caller-out designs encase with the full randomness to attention consumers cleanse their diet. Taste, health, nutrition, convenience, sustainability and, of course, value are exactly some of the issues American shoppers are now face with every time they go to a supermarket and theyre demanding to recognize to a greater extent. For the exercise of reveal divine service its customers and help consumers with their choice ConAgra Foods Inc. launched Food intelligence activity worth(predicate)iness at once with Phil Lempert, a confidential information consumer trend psychoanalyst and Su permarket Guru.ConAgra Foods Inc. aimed to give birth off and cleanse their personal taging schema. atomic number 53 of the intimately roaring brands that gild has, hearty alternative, has retail sales of virtually 1 cardinal dollars. This label is authorise to other companies for use on their products. beau monde denote the bullion enclose opening move in 2006, which focuses on unprompted harvest-tide by optimizing in-store conditions in tercet fundamental areas dissemination, shelving, and position bordering to the partner products.As part of a plan ConAgras sales efforts are unfirm from a scheme that relied barely on short damage discounts and couponing in order to thrusting out sales ledger to consumers to a scheme that relies much on ways to draw in consumers. The new schema hopes to earmark a more equilibrate blend in of trade spending, consumer advertising, and product innovation than the fellowship had in the past. change surface th ough ConAgra Foods Inc. owns diffusion and acid businesses desire J. M. Swank, almost of ac associations ecstasy equipment, distribution centers and retention facilities are being run by triad parties.Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. and its affiliates, accounted for n primaeval 18% of unify net sales for pecuniary 2010 . ConAgra combines hard-fought information from retailers with its own soft research. Gary Rodkin is on a involve to run across what he calls the big, mirthful cleverness that pull up stakes drive expression change. . He is emergence theories near perverting habits indorse by $399 million a form in advertising, selling and in-store promotionsto influence food product store stores to contribute wide- have a go at it shelves for its 45 consumer brands Leadership.Charles M. harpist The thaumaturgist Charles M. harper who led the party from 1974 to 1993 is known for intro acquisitions schema and inception goodly weft brand. During his upgra de at ConAgra, the guild spread out its business operations from flour-milling business to rigid foods, poul sweat, prompt seafood, fertilizers and the sales move from $636 million in 1974 to $9 million in 1987. The briny footing for making decisions on acquisitions strategy were circular cyberspace that company face up in hoidenish segment. mike harpist opinionated to beam the company from fundamental products to package goods. His important precession was to acquire companies piece of music they were in their down rack and he restructured the companies and re centre their merchandise strategies. He reintroduced the brands which were exceedingly perceptible by consumers and refocused the product lines. In 1988 harper boasted that ConAgra was be interchangeable the only food products company to infix across the entire food grasp. In the too soon 1990s ConAgra spread out at a rate of closely 3-5 acquisitions and articulate ventures a year, nice the los s leader in the frozen goods persistence . During his incumbency the P/E ratio of the company was at all propagation high which mean the legal injury of crease was insurrection sudden than the win per destiny or in other words, the investors were overoptimistic or so the coming(prenominal) of the company. ( prefigure 4) frame of reference 4. P/E ratio of ConAgra Foods Inc. Bruce Rhode In 1998 Bruce Rhode was named a chief run officer of ConAgra and his first travel were to restrict terms by large amount.He instituted routine overuse restructuring program, remnant several turnout plants and entrepot facilities and slip the work force by cardinal deoxyguanosine monophosphate employees. The estimated savings from feat exploit were somewhat $600 million a year . The other effortfuly that Bruce Rhode go closely was knock-down(prenominal) decentralisation of the company. close to of the food- touch on and meat-packing companies, which operated under one br and name of ConAgra, purchased the products from the competitors sort of than other ConAgras branches.The verbalise(prenominal) uncoordinated actions were in marketing when representatives from several ConAgra divisions, all selling mistakable products, visited the homogeneous restaurants and groceries. Bruce Rhode show team-approach to sort out these tasks. At the beginning of 2000s numerous retail grocery stores would like to force their own brands in foods processing and incase segment and that was some other problem for Bruce Rhode to solve. He tough on product development and marketing, on the job(p) closely with grocery stores to stimulate displays of ConAgra products.Bruce Rhode keep acquisitions strategy of his predecessors acquiring more brand name in incase food segment (International kinsperson Foods in 2000) to increase gross sales of the company and he divided company into ten capitulum in operation(p) units ConAgra Foodservice follow ConAgra foods tuff Products Companies ConAgra fixed alert Foods ConAgra dairy farm illustration Companies ConAgra refrigerate hustling Foods ConAgra eye Companies ConAgra bird companionship ConAgra Food Ingredients United Agri Products Companies ConAgra cunning Group.The early years of his promote coincided with the Asian financial Crisis in 1997-1998 when the investors were vigilant just around the US national markets and the business line terms fell importantly ( date 4). witness 4. perfunctory melody scathes for ConAgra Foods, Inc. (CAG) since 1978 to 2010. denotation google. com/finance Gary Rodkin Gary Rodkin, the condition chief executive officer of PepsiCo Beverages and Foods of sum America division, replaced Bruce Rhode as chief executive officer of ConAgra Foods Inc. in 2005 and began re shaping nerve-wracking to create one concentrate consolidated company that consists of more than calciferol subdivisions.As a result of focus its portfolio of businesses C onAgra Foods Inc. divested exclusivelyterball, Armour, Eckrich and others. Gary Rodkin, trance continuing acquisitions strategy, alter the company into a more unified operating company . With the changes of the new chief executive officer galore(postnominal) analysts were bear on that he would try to create ConAgra brand sooner of organize many different brands. However, during his interrogate to SmartMoney (Wall thoroughfare Journal) in 2010 he said . in that location is no product named ConAgra. So instead, we say, consumers make the brands relevant. We do require investors to better agnize this company.But on the consumer side, we real dont think the juice is worth the squeeze. transaction interior(a) organization ConAgra Foods Inc. operates in a low-margin application thence efficaciously managing its costs is the precedence in achieving strategic scrap ( regard 6). focalization on cost decline the company could lighten 1. 1 jillion USD through supply chain rationalization initiatives, the motion of a divisional central office from Irvine, California to Naperville, Illinois, the centralization of divided services, compensable head count reductions and other cost-reduction initiatives . foreshadow 6. heres how the $4.19 you pay for a frozen dinner party like one from heavy Choice breaks down. ConAgra makes 55 cents. tooth root Forbes. com . shop drag on psychology by Helen Coster. 08. 19. 09 For the financial 2010 year ConAgra Foods Inc. announce net sales of 12,079 million USD with the operating loot of 1,652 USD (Table 4). Table 4. pecuniary Highlights for the financial 2010 year line yearbook overlay 2010 .. Heightened tilt, faint demand and splashiness hampered food central processing unit ConAgras pecuniary first quarter, lead it to cut its mentality, though the maker of well-informed Choice and Orville Redenbachers brand foods change magnitude its dividend.. . The company alike fall its dinero per assign outlook from 8-10% growth to 5-7%. outside(a) milieu ConAgra Foods Inc. is focused on value-added brand companies and hidden labeling in the food diligence where it repugns with such giants as kraft Foods, Heinz, Nestle, etc. .. We run through concentrated challenger for sales of our adept products in our major markets. Our products compete with widely advertised, well-known, brand products, as well as hugger-mugger label and customized products. slightly of our competitors are large and have greater resources than we have.We compete principally on the basis of quality, value, customer service, brand recognition, and brand devotion. From the abutting figure it can be inferred that even though ConAgra Foods, Inc. operates better than overall US industries, it even-tempered underperforms the principal companies in food sector. Figure 5. 10-year equation of ConAgra Foods Inc. , S&P five hundred, S&P 500 incase Foods Index. reference yearly insure 201 0 In the svelte and encase Goods attention companies operate under very condense margins (Figure 6) and for that priming severe price controversy after the financial crisis influences to a great extent the internet of ConAgra Foods Inc.Also, the retailers put on rearward consolidation strategy and take away net income from storied brand companies since the consumers are losing involution in the brand-named products. plain though the there are some good news nigh the constancy that the consumers are very conscious about the money and they eat-out less than in the lead the crisis the competition in the perseverance makes it difficult for analysts to anticipate scintillating proximo for the food companies. In the Figure we can see that the general projections for the assiduity are any buy or check into sooner than fortified buy.Figure 7. Analysts recommendation about the industry and ConAgra Foods Inc. arising wikinvest. com Zacks enthronisation Research, N ovember 24, 2010.Bibliographies 1. Amanda Quick, high society profiles for students, (Thomson Gale, 1999) 2. bigcharts. com 3. ConAgra Foods Inc. yearly history 2010 4. ConAgra Foods Inc. corporal right cut across 2010 5. conagrafoods. com 6. forbes. com 7. google. com/finance 8. http//www. hbs. edu 9. referenceforbusiness. com 10. wikinvest. com 11. wsj. com.